Saturday 19 September 2009

CDC: 3.4 million inhalable H1N1 vaccine doses available soon

ATLANTA, Georgia (CNN) -- Health officials expect more than 3 million doses of H1N1 flu vaccine to be available in the first week of October.

"3.4 million doses of vaccines will be available," said Dr. Jay Butler, who heads the 2009 H1N1 Vaccine Task Force at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

"All of that vaccine is the inhalable vaccine," he said Friday.

That form of vaccine is marketed in the United States as FluMist and is approved only for healthy individuals between the ages of 2 and 49. Pregnant women are not allowed to get this type of vaccine because it contains a live virus.

Butler added that he thinks there some flu shots may be available in early October as well, but he had a hard number only for the inhalable vaccine. Flu shots contain an "inactivated," or dead, virus.

The 3.4 million doses of vaccine that will be shipped at the beginning of October are the first of 195 million doses the U.S. government has purchased from five vaccine manufacturers, Butler said.

Last week, the Food and Drug Administration licensed the vaccine from four of those companies. Sanofi Pasteur, Novartis and CSL Limited all manufacture flu shots, and MedImmune manufactures the inhalable vaccine. GlaxoSmithkline, which also is producing injectable flu vaccine, still needs to have its vaccine approved by the agency.

Health officials report that the new H1N1 flu virus has not changed from what was seen earlier this year, so they are expecting the vaccine to be very effective.

In some parts of the country, the vaccine can't some soon enough. The deputy director of the CDC's Influenza Division, Dr. Daniel Jernigan, said 21 states are now reporting widespread flu activity.

"It's a very strange thing for us to see that amount of influenza at this time of year" rather than much later in the flu season.

Jernigan said there's been only a small an increase in hospitalizations, mainly among young children and adults. But there has been a lot of activity in outpatient settings.

More at link ~ http://edition.cnn.com/2009/HEALTH/09/18/swine.flu.vaccine/index.html

As far as i know the inhaled versions contain live virus (at least the regular flu ones do).

So just be careful guys - if you must have one, make sure you know what you're getting.





Wednesday 16 September 2009

Unlicensed Intravenous Form Of Relenza Helped Save Life Of Swine-Flu Infected Woman Who Had Just Had Chemotherapy

Unlicensed Intravenous Form Of Relenza Helped Save Life Of Swine-Flu Infected Woman Who Had Just Had Chemotherapy
06 Sep 2009

http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/163056.php

A 22-year-old woman, whose immune system was impaired due to recent chemotherapy, has survived a serious case of swine-flu after being treated with the unlicensed intravenous form of relenza, in combination with high-dose corticosteroids. The Case Report is published Online First and in an upcoming edition of The Lancet, and is written by Dr Michael Kidd and Dr Mervyn Singer, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK, and colleagues.

The woman had received chemotherapy as part of treatment for Hodgkin's disease, and on July 8 this year was referred to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) at University College Hospital. She had laboratory-confirmed H1N1 infection, increasing shortness of breath, build-up of fluid in both lungs-and her condition was not responding either to tamiflu 75mg twice daily or broad-spectrum antimicrobials. Progressive deterioration meant she needed artificial ventilation from day 3 of her ICU admission. Since she did not appear to be absorbing the tamiflu, this was switched to nebulised relenza for ICU days 6-13. However this had no obvious clinical benefit, and high levels of H1N1 RNA were detected on day ICU 10. Increasing the relenza dose for ICU days 13-16 did not improve her clinical state.

As she remained critically ill with severe respiratory failure, doctors decided on day 16 to begin treatment using unlicensed intravenous relenza (provided by GlaxoSmithKline). Agreement for this was granted by the hospital and next-of-kin. Treatment with the corticosteroid methylprednisolone was also started to treat the lung inflammation. The patient's condition improved within 48 hours-H1N1 viral load had decreased over 100-fold by ICU day 21. She was extubated the same day, and discharged back to the ward after 24 days in ICU. Inhaled relenza was continued as a precaution due to her immunocompromised state.

The authors say: "Since her inflamed, atelectatic* lungs were probably impeding adequate drug absorption, and clinical improvement was not forthcoming, we decided to use intravenous (unlicensed) zanamivir. High dosing achieves effective respiratory epithelial concentrations and is well-tolerated. Our patient progressively recovered with no drug related side-effects."

Deaths due to pandemic H1N1 influenza are mainly related to severe respiratory failure, or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The authors suggest that persistent high level H1N1 replication may drive ongoing lung inflammation, and that the intravenous relenza and high-dose corticosteroids could have worked together in this case, although this may be considered controversial and high-dose corticosteroids are not recommended in swine influenza treatment guidelines. The authors say: "However, controlled trials are lacking and a rationale does exist for the use of corticosteroids in ARDS."

They conclude: "Although this is a single case report and direct cause and effect cannot be confirmed, the improvement in clinical status following intravenous relenza encourages prompt further investigation, both alone and in combination with high-dose methylprednisolone."

Source
The Lancet
http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736%2809%2961528-2/fulltext

http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/163056.php




Swine flu deaths show this flu is different: experts

Tue Sep 15, 2009 3:17pm EDT

By Maggie Fox, Health and Science Editor


WASHINGTON (Reuters) - Autopsies on people who have died from the new pandemic H1N1 flu show this virus is different from seasonal influenza, even if it has not yet caused more deaths, experts told a meeting on Tuesday.

Americans who died from swine flu had infections deep in their lungs, Dr. Sherif Zaki of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention told a meeting of flu experts, including damage to the alveoli -- the structures in the lung that deliver oxygen to the blood.

This in turn caused what is known as acute respiratory distress syndrome -- an often fatal development that leaves patients gasping for breath.

The World Health Organization has confirmed 3,205 deaths globally from swine flu but experts agree all estimates of the extent of the pandemic are grossly understated because so few patients are ever actually tested.

Seasonal flu kills, too -- about 250,000 to 500,000 cases a year globally, according to the WHO. But not in the same way as swine flu, which unlike seasonal flu frequently causes severe disease in young adults and children.

"It is very rarely you see what we call diffuse alveolar damage in fatal seasonal influenza," Zaki told a meeting sponsored by the U.S. Institute of Medicine, which advises government on health matters.

Seasonal flu causes bronchitis and other upper respiratory disease. But Zaki, the chief infectious disease pathologist at CDC, said the new virus had burrowed into the lungs of the 90 or so people he examined after they died, and they had huge amounts of the virus in their blood.

"This is almost exactly what we see with avian flu," Zaki said. "This looks like avian flu on steroids."

EXPERIMENTAL DRUGS

Dr. Yoshi Kawaoka of the University of Wisconsin said tests in monkeys showed the virus lives and replicates 1,000-fold better in the lungs than does seasonal flu.

He said the No. 1 drug of choice against H1N1 -- Roche AG's and Gilead Sciences Inc's Tamiflu -- lowered the so-called viral load of virus in the lungs just enough to help the body fight back.

Experimental flu drugs lower it even more, notably Daiichi Sankyo Co Ltd's CS 8958 and another drug called T-705 or favipiravir, made by Fujifilm Holdings Corp unit Toyama Chemical Co, Kawaoka said.

Zaki said 90 percent of the fatalities he looked at had some condition that would predispose them to serious disease. They had a median age of 38 and one victim was a two-month-old infant who died within a day of getting sick.

Nearly half -- 46 percent -- were obese, many had fatty liver disease, 27 percent had heart disease and 22 percent had asthma, he said.

Dr. Guillermo Ruiz-Palacios of Mexico's National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition said many Mexican patients with severe disease were also obese. In addition, patients came in late for treatment and many were infected with a second common virus, called parainfluenza virus. Continued...

Fewer than a third of the U.S. deaths, 29 percent, had a so-called secondary bacterial infection, usually Streptococcus pneumoniae, Zaki said.

Ruiz-Palacios also said the new virus can be found in the urine and feces of patients, something that may affect how it spreads.

(Editing by Cynthia Osterman)

http://www.reuters.com/article/healthNews/idUSTRE58E6NZ20090915?pageNumber=1&virtualBrandChannel=0




What H1N1 Can Do To You

This is a couple of weeks old but worth posting.

September 2, 2009 7:45 AM

Dr. Jennifer Ashton offers a detailed explanation to Harry Smith of acute respiratory distress syndrome in the most extreme H1N1 cases where patients are already immune compromised.

(CBS) Federal officials said a vaccine to help prevent the new flu is expected to be ready by mid to late October. But still some people are wondering how you can actually die from the H1N1 virus.

CBS News medical correspondent Dr. Jennifer Ashton sat down with Early Show co-anchor Harry Smith and took a closer look at what happens to the body.

Germs are everywhere - in our homes, offices, and schools. While some are harmless, others can be deadly, like the H1N1 virus or swine flu.

It spreads when a carrier coughs or sneezes; another person touches the object or surface with the flu virus on it and then touches his own nose or mouth.

The virus is inhaled by the body and goes straight to the lungs. The virus attaches to the lung cells, infecting the body. Over the course of days, the blood vessels in the lungs or the air sacs are damaged. Fluid leaks from the blood vessels into the air sacs of the lungs. While some air sacs fill with fluid, others collapse altogether. When the air sacs collapse, the lungs can no longer inflate as they normally would with oxygen. The lungs become stiff.

Without air entering the lungs, the amount of oxygen in the blood drops. If diagnosed early, some patients will get extra oxygen supplied by a breathing machine; others may fall into a coma. Patients die from H1N1 because their lungs give out via lack of oxygen or drowned by fluids.

At this time, 50 percent of H1N1 deaths are due to viral pneumonia and half the fatalities have been in people with pre-existing medical conditions like obesity, diabetes, and pregnancy.

An animation was shown that demonstrated the affects of ARDS (acute respiratory distress syndrome).

"Is that flu or is that pneumonia?" Smith asked after viewing the animation.

"Well, what that described is a situation we referred to as ARDS where the lungs literally become like sponges and can't exchange oxygen. That can happen with the viral pneumonia, a bacterial pneumonia, but half of the deaths due to H1N1 have been due to this viral pneumonia leading to that kind of pulmonary failure," Ashton explained.

Last week, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported to Ashton that it has studied the autopsy results of the people who have succumbed to the H1N1 virus, and found that about half of the cases are in people who were either obese, had diabetes, or were pregnant and suppressed their immune system.

"So they were at a higher risk going into this virus, which, again, we have to emphasize in most cases have been mild, but they were at higher risk going into severe complications that then led to their death," she added.

According to Ashton, there's a "variable time course," where sometimes it happens over hours, days, or weeks. But Ashton stressed that once ARDS sets into the lungs and the patient is put on a ventilator, multiple organ systems then begin to fail and the mortality rate can be as high as 30 percent to 50 percent.


CBS Early Show Video of above:

http://www.cbsnews.com/video/watch/?...ted;photovideo



GPs to be paid £5.25 per jab for swine flu vaccine

Family doctors have secured a deal with the government over their payments for giving patients a swine flu jab, it was announced , allowing the final arrangements for vaccination to be put in place.

GPs will be paid £5.25 for each jab they give. The wrangle over payments has been going on all summer. Doctors represented by the British Medical Association appear to have reduced their demands from an initial level of almost £7 a shot. They are paid £7.50 a patient to give the seasonal flu vaccine.

Although the government has ordered enough vaccine for the entire population, the vaccination programme expected to begin in the autumn – once the vaccine receives a licence – will target the 9 million people most at risk from swine flu, the government said today.

Whether the rest of the population is then offered a jab will depend on the evolution of the pandemic, it said. If it continues to be mild, vaccination will not be introduced universally.

GPs stand to gain more than £42m, which they say will be spent on contacting patients, administering the vaccine and if necessary taking on extra staff. A statement from the Department of Health noted that "the vaccine will reduce the number of people needing hospital and intensive care treatment and save the NHS money in the long run".

The health secretary, Andy Burnham, said the deal was "great news for patients". He added: "I am glad that we have reached a fair deal with the GPC [general practitioners' committee of the BMA] and I am pleased that GPs will continue to play a key role in the fight against swine flu. They have already worked incredibly hard in what have been very difficult circumstances to help their patients."

Dr Laurence Buckman, chairman of the GPs' committee, said it believed family doctors were the best people to administer the vaccine. "This will be a lot of additional work for practices, but general practice is used to running large vaccination programmes. We are confident that GPs and their teams will have the resources they need in order to run the swine flu vaccination programme smoothly and efficiently." Four groups of people were identified as the first who will be summoned for a flu jab in England:

• People aged over six months and under 65 who are currently considered to be at risk from normal winter flu because of health conditions such as asthma or heart conditions ‑ about 5 million people.

• All pregnant women, unless the regulatory authorities impose restrictions on the stage of pregnancy in which it is safe to vaccinate ‑ about 500,000.

• Household contacts of people with compromised immune systems, such as people in regular close contact with patients on treatment for cancer ‑ about 500,000.

• People aged 65 and over in the current seasonal flu vaccine clinical at-risk groups ‑ about 3.5 million. This does not include otherwise healthy over-65s, since they appear to have some natural immunity to the virus.

http://www.guardian.co.uk/society/2009/sep/14/swine-flu-vaccine-gps-pay


FDA approves H1N1 vaccine applications

ATLANTA, Georgia (CNN) -- The Food and Drug Administration has approved applications from four manufacturers to make H1N1 flu vaccine, the secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services said Tuesday.



"We will have enough vaccine available for everyone," Kathleen Sebelius told the House Energy and Commerce Committee.

The plan is to begin the large-scale vaccination program in mid-October in as many as 90,000 sites, though limited amounts of the vaccine are expected to be available a week to 10 days earlier, she said.

Monday, the director of the nation's top disease agency told CNN the vaccine will be available earlier than had been expected.

"We think the first doses of some of the vaccine forms should be available in about three weeks," said Dr. Thomas Frieden, director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Previously, the CDC had been predicting the vaccine would not be available before middle or late October.

Frieden said that the vaccines appear to confer protection from the virus eight to 10 days after they are administered.

The news about the vaccine against H1N1, also called swine flu, comes a week after researchers concluded that a single injection would suffice to protect against the virus.

Health officials are urging that pregnant women, school-age children and anyone with underlying health conditions, like diabetes, heart disease or lung disease, get the swine flu shot.  See which states are showing the greatest swine flu activity »

Frieden said it appears that health workers will be able to administer the H1N1 vaccine at the same time that they administer the shot against seasonal flu.

The symptoms of seasonal flu are similar to those of swine flu, and patients and their caregivers need not know which one they have, he said.

"The key messages are the same in either case: If you're sick, stay home," he said. "If you're severely ill -- and that means you have trouble breathing, you have severe illness, your fever comes back or you have one of those underlying conditions like diabetes or people with special health care problems, like children with disabilities, that make it difficult for them to breathe -- then see your doctor right away."

The timing is important because 11 states already are reporting widespread flu activity. "We wish we had the vaccine today," Frieden said.

He said flu vaccines have a good safety record. "Literally, hundreds of millions of people have gotten the flu vaccine, and certainly my kids will be getting the H1N1 vaccine when it becomes available for everybody."

Frieden's two children are ages 5 and 15.

http://edition.cnn.com/2009/HEALTH/09/15/h1n1.flu.vaccine/index.html


FDA NEWS RELEASE

For Immediate Release: Sept. 15, 2009

Media Inquiries: Pat El-Hinnawy, 301-796-4763, patricia.el-hinnawy@fda.hhs.gov; Peper Long, 301-796-4671, mary.long@fda.hhs.gov
Consumer Inquiries: 1-888-INFO-FDA

FDA Approves Vaccines for 2009 H1N1 Influenza Virus 
Approval Provides Important Tool to Fight Pandemic

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration announced today that it has approved four vaccines against the 2009 H1N1 influenza virus. The vaccines will be distributed nationally after the initial lots become available, which is expected within the next four weeks.

“Today's approval is good news for our nation's response to the 2009 H1N1 influenza virus,” said Commissioner of Food and Drugs Margaret A. Hamburg, M.D. “This vaccine will help protect individuals from serious illness and death from influenza.”

The vaccines are made by CSL Limited, MedImmune LLC, Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics Limited, and sanofi pasteur Inc. All four firms manufacture the H1N1 vaccines using the same processes, which have a long record of producing safe seasonal influenza vaccines.

”The H1N1 vaccines approved today undergo the same rigorous FDA manufacturing oversight, product quality testing and lot release procedures that apply to seasonal influenza vaccines,” said Jesse Goodman, M.D., FDA acting chief scientist.

Based on preliminary data from adults participating in multiple clinical studies, the 2009 H1N1 vaccines induce a robust immune response in most healthy adults eight to 10 days after a single dose, as occurs with the seasonal influenza vaccine.   

Clinical studies under way will provide additional information about the optimal dose in children. The recommendations for dosing will be updated if indicated by findings from those studies. The findings are expected in the near future.

As with the seasonal influenza vaccines, the 2009 H1N1 vaccines are being produced in formulations that contain thimerosal, a mercury-containing preservative, and in formulations that do not contain thimerosal.   

People with severe or life-threatening allergies to chicken eggs, or to any other substance in the vaccine, should not be vaccinated.

In the ongoing clinical studies, the vaccines have been well tolerated. Potential side effects of the H1N1 vaccines are expected to be similar to those of seasonal flu vaccines.

For the injected vaccine, the most common side effect is soreness at the injection site. Other side effects may include mild fever, body aches, and fatigue for a few days after the inoculation. For the nasal spray vaccine, the most common side effects include runny nose or nasal congestion for all ages, sore throats in adults, and -- in children 2 to 6 years old -- fever.

As with any medical product, unexpected or rare serious adverse events may occur. The FDA is working closely with governmental and nongovernmental organizations to enhance the capacity for adverse event monitoring, information sharing and analysis during and after the 2009 H1N1 vaccination program. In the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, these agencies include the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Vaccines against three seasonal virus strains are already available and should be used (see information on the seasonal flu). However, they do not protect against the 2009 H1N1 virus (see information on H1N1 flu).

#

Additional Information
Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 Monovalent


http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm182399.htm




Tuesday 15 September 2009

Docs say NO to vaccine in pregnancy

Influenza Vaccination During Pregnancy:

A Critical Assessment of the Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)

Influenza vaccination during all trimesters of pregnancy is now universally recommended in the United States. We critically reviewed the influenza vaccination policy of the CDCs Advisory Committee on Immunization Practice (ACIP) and the citations that were used to support their recommendations. The ACIPs citations and the current literature indicate that
influenza infection is rarely a threat to a normal pregnancy. There is no convincing evidence of the effectiveness of influenza vaccination during this critical period. No studies have adequately assessed the risk of influenza vaccination during pregnancy, and animal safety testing is lacking.

Thimerosal, a mercury-based preservative present in most inactivated formulations of the vaccine, has been implicated in human neurodevelopment disorders, including autism, and a
broad range of animal and experimental reproductive toxicities including teratogenicity, mutagenicity, and fetal death. Thimerosal is classified as a human teratogen.
The ACIP policy recommendation of routinely administering influenza vaccine during pregnancy is ill-advised and unsupported by current scientific literature, and it should be withdrawn.
Use of thimerosal during pregnancy should be contraindicated.

On May 28, 2004, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practice (ACIP) of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) published its annual report on its current policy for prevention of influenza. The recommendation to vaccinate all pregnant women regardless of trimester was the most aggressive in a series of policy changes that began in 1995. Previously, influenza vaccine was advised only for women with preexisting medical conditions. The latest ACIP recommendation was promptly endorsed by the
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) and theAmericanAcademy of Pediatrics (AAP).

This investigation critically assesses the current ACIP recommendations, reviews the clinical research that supported them, and evaluates the risk-benefit analysis of administering
inactivated influenza vaccine during pregnancy.

http://www.jpands.org/vol11no2/ayoub.pdf



German Swine Flu Vaccine Trial Participant Coughs Up Blood

A participant in German swine flu vaccine trials has come forward with startling allegations that he experienced serious adverse side effects after taking the swine flu vaccine - including coughing up blood. The 40 year old German businessman named Axel described to a German publication exactly what happened after he was vaccinated on August 10th: "I felt totally beat. On the third day, my kidneys and head were aching and I got a fever. I then had a coughing fit - and the wash basin was suddenly red - it was blood!"

You can find the original German article containing Axel's story here (it is in German though):

http://www.merkur-online.de/nachrichten/muenchen/schweinegrippe-impfung-testpatient-packt-meta-451084.html

German medical researcher Frank von Sonnenburg, who is in charge of the swine flu vaccine trials there does not believe that Axel's account is credible. He told the German publication doing the story that Axel's symptoms could not possibly be related to the vaccine.

Axel, however, insists that what happened to him was most definitely a result of taking the vaccine: "Surely it is no coincidence that they occurred directly after the vaccination."

Considering what happened in 1976, one would think that reports such as these would give health authorities reason to do more testing at least.

But that is not going to happen. In fact, in the United States the swine flu vaccine is going to be rolled out even earlier.

U.S. Health and Human Services Secretary Kathleen Sebelius recently told ABC's George Stephanopoulos that the swine flu vaccine will be available in the United States by the first week of October, 2 weeks earlier than has been previously expected.

So instead of delaying the swine flu vaccine in order to do proper testing, U.S. authorities have decided to rush it out as fast as they can possibly get their hands on it.

Just listen to how reckless Sebelius sounds in the following quote....

"We are on track to have an ample supply rolling out by mid October, but we may have some early vaccine as early as the first full week in October. And we plan to get the vaccine rolling out the door as fast as it hits the production line."

Should Americans be thanking Sebelius and the Obama administration for rushing out the door an untested, potentially dangerous vaccine "as fast as it hits the production line"? 

How negligent can the U.S. government possibly be?

At least some health authorities are trying to warn the public about this potential disaster.  Dr. Marc Girard, a very highly respected authority on the side effects of drugs and a medical expert commissioned by French courts, has actually said on French television that the swine flu vaccine could cause as many as 60,000 deaths in France - especially among young children and pregnant women.

A YouTube video of Dr. Girard being interviewed on French television about this is below, but unless you know French you will not be able to understand it.  For those that don't speak French, the following is a translation of the most pertinent portion of his remarks:

A vaccine is being developed in conditions of amateurism such as I have never seen. Lets take the pessimistic hypothesis: one death among every 1000 patients. There are plans to vaccinate 60 million people, and you so you already have 60,000 deaths, and this time, young people, children, pregnant women.



All of this news is very, very disturbing.  A swine flu vaccine is being rushed out to the public that some health experts are warning could kill tens of thousands of people and that is causing very serious side effects in some patients during trials. 

What if 60,000 people do die from the swine flu vaccine as the French doctor is suggesting? 

Will the reckless health authorities that have rushed out this vaccine be held accountable?

If you know of any additional swine flu news that should be brought to our attention, please post a message in the comments field below.  We could be heading for a complete and total worldwide health disaster if an unsafe, untested vaccine is rushed out to millions of people around the globe.  It will be important for all of us to pay attention and to get important swine flu news items out to our family and friends as quickly as possible in the days ahead.  Their lives may depend upon it.






Doctor says FLU VACCINE will cause 60,000 deaths in France alone ( SEE INFO BOX )


http://thebirdflupandemic.com/archives/german-swine-flu-vaccine-trial-participant-coughs-up-blood


Also check this out ~

3 People In Egypt Suspected Of Being Infected With H1N1 Swine Flu And H5N1 Bird Flu


http://thebirdflupandemic.com/archives/3-people-in-egypt-suspected-of-being-infected-with-h1n1-swine-flu-and-h5n1-bird-flu

H1N1 Vaccines Safe, Immunogenic in Single Dose

By Michael Smith, North American Correspondent, MedPage Today
Published: September 10, 2009

Two investigational vaccines against the pandemic H1N1 flu appear to be safe and to yield a robust immune response with a single dose.

Those findings -- contained in two preliminary reports published online today in the New England Journal of Medicine -- are reassuring, experts said.

Among other things, vaccines that can produce an immune response with a single dose will stretch what is predicted to be a short supply of the drugs, according to Kathleen Neuzil, MD, of the University of Washington in Seattle.

Also, she wrote in an editorial accompanying the papers, immunity will appear more quickly -- soon after vaccination rather than after two doses at least three weeks apart.

The reports are "welcome and reassuring," Neuzil said, especially since a third online paper reported that few people currently have any immunity to the new H1N1 strain.

The first of the preliminary reports published today is from a continuing study in Australia, where researchers are testing an inactivated H1N1 vaccine in a cohort of 240 volunteers, randomized to get either 15 or 30 micrograms of the drug.

Three weeks after vaccination more than 90% of volunteers had a robust immune response, according to Michael Greenberg, MD, of CSL, the vaccine's manufacturer.

Volunteers -- 175 adults, ages 18 to 50 -- were randomly assigned to receive:

  • Two intramuscular injections of adjuvanted vaccine containing 7.5 micrograms of hemagglutinin on day zero in each arm
  • Or one injection on day zero and the other on either day seven, 14, or 21
  • Or two 3.75-microgram doses of adjuvanted vaccine 21 days apart
  • Or 7.5 micrograms or 15 micrograms of non-adjuvanted vaccine, again given 21 days apart

The researchers are reporting data from 100 volunteers -- those who got the 7.5-microgram dose of the adjuvanted vaccine. (The manufacturer earlier gave some details of the findings. See Novartis Says Swine Flu Vaccine Works Quickly)

In that cohort, Stephenson and colleagues found, 86% of the volunteers reported adverse reactions after one or both doses -- primarily injection site pain and muscle aches. The reactions were generally mild or moderate and resolved after 72 hours, the researchers said.

For those who got two doses, the researchers said, more than 90% achieved "seroprotection" by day 21 -- defined as an antibody titer of 1:40 or more -- regardless of the dosing schedule.

"Generally, I think the results are good news," said John Treanor, MD, a vaccine expert at the University of Rochester in Rochester, N.Y.

He noted that the vaccine recently approved in China reportedly had good results with a single dose and other studies are still under way that should have data available soon.

"The overall impression I think, is that for adults, a single dose of vaccine will be sufficient," Treanor said.

One thing to consider, he said, is that the Australian study took place during the epidemic in that country, so that prevaccination antibody levels were higher than expected.

But the level of protection the researchers found is high enough that it seems likely the conclusion will stand up, he added.

The vaccines thus far have been given to healthy adults, so immunization of other groups may produce different antibody responses.

Richard E. Besser, MD, a former CDC deputy director who is now senior health and medical editor at ABC News, was also enthusiastic -- especially about the possibility that a single dose could produce immunity.

"This is very exciting news. It has many implications. It could double the number of adults who could be vaccinated. It will greatly simplify vaccination programs by no longer needing to track people between the first and second dose. It will greatly reduce the costs of vaccination programs," Besser said.

The results of the British study are also encouraging, Treanor said, although it's still too early to say what role the oil-in-water adjuvant is playing.

John Bartlett, MD, of Johns Hopkins Medical Institution, in Baltimore, agrees that the findings are encouraging. "The good news is that it suggests a single dose may be adequate," he said.

That's important for logistical reasons, as well as to stretch an available vaccine as far as it will go, said Robert Field, JD, PhD, of Drexel University in Philadelphia.

"It is dramatically easier to administer one shot than two," he said. "With a two-dose regimen, many people will neglect to get the second shot" -- sometimes for the simple reason that they don't know where to get the second shot.

"For instance," Field said, "if someone gets the first one at a supermarket, do they have to return there, can they get it at another supermarket, can they go to their physician's office, or can they go elsewhere?"


The Australian study was supported by CSL and the Department of Health and Aging of the Australian government. All authors report being employees of CSL and several report having an equity interest in the company.

The British study was supported by University Hospitals Leicester and Novartis. Stephenson reported financial links with Novartis Vaccines, Sanofi Pasteur, Baxter Vaccines, Hoffmann–La Roche, and GlaxoSmithKline.

The CDC study was supported by the CDC. Katz reported research support from GlaxoSmithKline.

The editorial author reported no conflicts.








Seeing who paid for the trials i wouldnt be putting too much faith in them - they have all been known to falsify reports in the past :/

Possible link between El Nino & Flu Pandemics

Texas A&M researcher shows possible link between 1918 El Niño and flu pandemic

Research conducted at Texas A&M University casts doubts on the notion that El Niño has been getting stronger because of global warming and raises interesting questions about the relationship between El Niño and a severe flu pandemic 91 years ago. The findings are based on analysis of the 1918 El Niño, which the new research shows to be one of the strongest of the 20th century.

El Niño occurs when unusually warm surface waters form over vast stretches of the eastern Pacific Ocean and can affect weather systems worldwide. Using advanced computer models, Benjamin Giese, a professor of oceanography who specializes in ocean modeling, and his co-authors conducted a simulation of the global oceans for the first half of the 20th century and they find that, in contrast with prior descriptions, the 1918-19 El Niño was one of the strongest of the century.

Giese says there were few measurements of the tropical Pacific Ocean in 1918, the last year of World War I, and the few observations that are available from 1918 are mostly along the coast of South America. “But the model results show that the El Niño of 1918 was stronger in the central Pacific, with a weaker signature near the coast,” Giese explains. “Thus the limited measurements likely missed detecting the 1918 El Niño.”

Giese adds, “The most commonly used indicator of El Niño is the ocean temperature anomaly in the central Pacific Ocean. By that standard, the 1918-19 El Niño is as strong as the events in 1982-83 and 1997-98, considered to be two of the strongest events on record, causing some researchers to conclude that El Niño has been getting stronger because of global warming. Since the 1918-19 El Niño occurred before significant warming from greenhouse gasses, it makes it difficult to argue that El Niño s have been getting stronger.”

The El Niño of 1918 coincided with one of the worst droughts in India, he adds. “It is well known that there is a connection between El Niño and the failure of the Indian monsoon, just as there is a well-established connection between El Niño and Atlantic hurricane intensity,” Giese says. In addition to drought in India and Australia, 1918 was also a year in which there were few Atlantic hurricanes.


The research also raises questions about El Ni̱o and mortality from the influenza pandemic of 1918. By mid-1918, a flu outbreak Рwhich we now know was the H1N1 strain that is of great concern today Рwas sweeping the world, and the resulting fatalities were catastrophic: At least 25 million people died worldwide, with some estimates as high as 100 million deaths. India was particularly hard hit by the influenza.

“We know that there is a connection between El Niño and drought in India,” Giese notes.

“It seems probable that mortality from influenza was high in India because of famine associated with drought, so it is likely that El Niño contributed to the high mortality from influenza in India.”

The flu epidemic of 1918, commonly called the “Spanish Flu,” is believed to be the greatest medical holocaust in history. It lasted from March of 1918 to June of 1920, and about 500 million people worldwide became infected, with the disease killing between 25 million to 100 million, most of them young adults. An estimated 17 million died in India, between 500,000 to 675,000 died in the U.S. and another 400,000 died in Japan.

Could the events of 1918 be a harbinger of what might occur in 2009?

Giese says there are some interesting parallels. The winter and spring in 1918 were unusually cold throughout North America, just at the time influenza started to spread in the central U.S. That was followed by a strengthening El Niño and subsequent drought in India. As the El Niño matured in the fall of 1918, the influenza became a pandemic.

With a moderate to strong El Niño now forming in the Pacific and the H1N1 flu strain apparently making a vigorous comeback, the concerns today are obvious, Giese adds.

Giese’s work will be published in the current “Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society,” and the research project was funded by NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) and the National Science Foundation.


http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mp1yR2NL1v4

A(H1N1) gets more virulent

The A(H1N1) virus is showing signs of getting ‘mutated’ into a more virulent form.

Clinical observation of experts in the State capital indicate that the genetic make up of A(H1N1) virus has ‘changed’ and is now more ‘potent’ after coming into contact with the local existing viral forms.

‘Second wave’

This is the ‘second wave’ of swine flu virus, coinciding with the rainy season, which is still active. There is a possibility of onset of a third and more virulent form in the upcoming winter season. The virus is getting more ‘time’ to stay in the atmosphere because of low temperatures, experts opine.

A pattern, among the swine flu fatalities in twin cities, has been detected. “Patients are dying within 24 to 48 hours after getting infected with A(H1N1). The virus is not giving any chance to the doctors to treat the patient. The virus has become virulent and that’s why we are losing patients who have good immunity,” said Gandhi Hospital Superintendent E.A. Ashok Kumar.

Between May and August, when A(H1N1) virus was imported from other countries, it did not cause severe illness to patients. “These days, the patient’s condition is deteriorating within 24 hours. There is a definite shift in the genetic make up of the virus. It might have genetically changed after coming into contact with local influenza virus,” Superintendent of Chest Hospital S.V. Prasad.


Taken from the Hindu Times

Thursday 10 September 2009

Wow!

I've been gone for almost a month.

Ironically i had the flu lol. Wasnt too bad, just a high temp for 5 days & felt nauseous - no more pain than usual.

The tiredness was the worst bit - slept for 3 days.

GP offered me tamiflu which i didnt take. Didnt take paracetamol either - just let nature take its course. Wise or unwise, who knows but i survived to tell the tale.

I did stop my methotrexate for a week though as i figured my immune system was having a hard enough time without the mtx making it worse.

Only other excuse for not posting is that i got busy getting kids back to school etc. Its like most things with me - if i dont do something for a while then i lose interest.

I've got approx 850 articles stacking up to read but there's no way i'm doing all that so i'll just scan em for anything interesting.

I work as a nurse & got word today that i have to go get fitted for a face mask next week - ugh. Plus here in N. Ireland they're planning to start vaccinations at the end of October - imagine my joy...........not.

Sunday 16 August 2009

Neurologists concerned over safety of swine flu vaccine

A warning that the new swine flu jab is linked to a deadly nerve disease has been sent by the Government to senior neurologists in a confidential letter.
The letter from the Health Protection Agency, the official body that oversees public health, has been leaked to The Mail on Sunday, leading to demands to know why the information has not been given to the public before the vaccination of millions of people, including children, begins.

It tells the neurologists that they must be alert for an increase in a brain disorder called Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS), which could be triggered by the vaccine.
GBS attacks the lining of the nerves, causing paralysis and inability to breathe, and can be fatal.

The letter, sent to about 600 neurologists on July 29, is the first sign that there is concern at the highest levels that the vaccine itself could cause serious complications.

Read more at link: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1206807/Swine-flu-jab-link-killer-nerve-disease-Leaked-letter-reveals-concern-neurologists-25-deaths-America.html



Monday 10 August 2009

More of the same

Children with seasonal flu should not be given antivirals such as Tamiflu because harmful side effects outweigh relatively meager benefits, according to a study released Monday.

In some children Tamiflu caused nausea and vomiting, which can lead to dehydration and other complications, researchers reported.

The study did not cover the current outbreak of swine flu, but its conclusions suggest that antivirals may not significantly reduce the length of illness or prevent complications in children infected with the new A(H1N1) virus, the researchers said.

Carl Henegan, a doctor at John Radcliffe Hospital in Oxford and co-author of the study, said the current British practice of giving Tamiflu for mild illness was "an inappropriate strategy."

"The downside of the harms outweigh the one-day reduction in symptomatic benefits," he said.

The research showed that antivirals oseltamivir and zanamivir shortened the duration of seasonal flu by up to a day and a half.

But the drugs had little or no effect on asthma flare-ups, increased ear infections or the need for antibiotics.

Tamiflu, the brand name for oseltamivir, was also linked to an increased risk of vomiting. Zanamivir is marketed under the name Relenza.

The study, published in the British Medical Journal (BMJ), comes 10 days after Britain's Health Protection Agency (HPA) reported that more than half of 248 students given Tamiflu after a classmate fell ill with swine flu suffered side-effects such as nausea, insomnia and nightmares.

Most of the students did not have the flu when they were given the drug.

In the BMJ study, led by David Mant of Oxford University, researchers reviewed four earlier clinical trials -- two with Relenza and two with Tamiflu -- for influenza treatment covering 1,766 children 12 or younger. More half had confirmed cases of type A flu.

They also reviewed three other trials in which the drugs were given to children who had been exposed to the virus but showed no symptoms.

Such "proactive" use resulted in only an eight percent reduction in the incidence of influenza.

None of the trials tested the efficacy of anti-virals against the new strain of swine flu that has swept across the globe since April, infecting hundreds of thousands and claiming more than 1,100 lives.

Swiss pharmaceutical company Roche, the patent holder of Tamiflu, suggested that the symptoms described in the study might been due in part to the flu itself and not the medication.

"According the WHO, 50 percent of patients with the flu (swine or seasonal) have nausea symptoms or digestive problems caused by the illness," a Roche spokesman told AFP.

"Clinical studies on children treated with Tamiflu have shown secondary effects such as nausea, but these have been moderate and it is extremely rare that treatment must be halted as a consequence," the spokesman said.

Tamiflu can be prescribed from the age of one year old.


http://www.physorg.com/news169111819.html

Tamiflu "harmful to children"

Tamiflu 'harmful to children'

http://itn.co.uk/b728f6439934ee482493dce11cb1ad6b.html

Experts say children should not be given the swine flu drug Tamiflu because the negative effects could outweigh the benefits.

The Department of Health is under pressure to hold an urgent rethink of its current policy.

The study found that Tamiflu caused vomiting in some children, which can lead to dehydration and complications.

The drug also had little or no effect on asthma flare-ups, ear infections or the likelihood of a youngster needing antibiotics.

Dr Carl Henegan, a GP and expert from the John Radcliffe Hospital in Oxford, said the current policy of giving Tamiflu for mild illness was an "inappropriate strategy".

He added: "The downside of the harms outweigh the one-day reduction in symptomatic benefits."

The study comes little over a week after other research found that children given Tamiflu preventatively reported side-effects including nausea and nightmares.

Here's a link to the article in the Telegraph
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/health/swine-flu/6004313/Children-should-not-be-given-Tamiflu-Oxford-researchers.html

Popular flu drugs have modest effect.
http://www.medpagetoday.com/Pulmonary/URIstheFlu/15439





Sunday 9 August 2009

Looks like i'm not alone on the vaccine issue :)

Children could be given untested swine flu vaccine

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-1205267/Children-given-untested-swine-flu-vaccine.html

The swine flu vaccine which will be offered to 12 million children in the UK may not have been tested on infants by the time the first batches arrive.

Pharmaceutical companies manufacturing the jabs do not have any paediatric safety data for the drugs, which could be distributed to children in the autumn.

The first consignment of the vaccine is due to arrive at the end of this month but drugs firms have only just begun trials on adults.

Trials on children may not start for a few weeks.

Children are thought to be most at risk of developing a serious form of the H1N1 virus and also help to spread swine flu. It is expected they will be among the first to be vaccinated, along with health professionals, pregnant women and people with underlying health conditions.

However, the European Medicines Agency (EMEA), which will license the vaccines, said approval could be granted before the results of these trials are known.

Dr Tom Jefferson, of the vaccines section of the Cochrane Collaboration, an independent group that reviews research, said he feared there would be safety issues with the jab and had doubts it would work. He added: ‘Governments have a duty of care, and therefore a duty to provide vaccines which are proven to be safe and effective.’

During the last swine flu outbreak in the US in 1976, a vaccine caused 25 deaths – more than the virus itself. Dr Jefferson said a repeat of that ‘was possible’.

GP Dr Richard Halvorsen, author of The Truth About Vaccines, said that there was a ‘worrying trend’ to introduce jabs for children without good data. He said that in this case there was no pressing need for one.

However, microbiologist Professor Hugh Pennington said flu vaccines in general had an excellent safety record.

The EMEA admitted it could authorise the vaccine before the results of trials are known but if it did it would issue a warning it had not been tested on a specific group.

GlaxoSmithKline said it had conducted paediatric trials on the bird flu vaccine, on which the swine flu jab is based. A trial for children is planned within the next month.

The Department of Health said it would not be using the vaccine until ‘we are satisfied it is safe.’









Fever is our friend


"Give me a fever, and I can cure any illness" -- Hippocrates

Fever is an unusually high body temperature, a thermometer is used to measure the body temperature, temperatures varies when taken in different part of the body, if it is taken in the rectum/anus the temperature is generally one degree higher than if the temperature is taken under the arm, on a degree lower. Pyrogen is a substance that induces fever or rise in the body temperature. Fever is not a disease but symptoms of another sickness. During a fever, the body requires extra energy, which it generates by muscular activity in the form of shivering and by metabolizing (chemically breaking down) proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals at a faster rate than normal.

Body Temperature if there is fever:

  • 100°Fahrenheit (37.8° C), taken orally, indicates a mild fever.

  • 100° to 103°F (37.8° to 39.4°C) taken orally, indicates a moderate fever.

  • 104°F (40°C) taken orally, indicates a high fever.

  • 110°F. (43.3°C), this is the uppermost limit of the human body, this kind of fever is extremely rare.


Types of Fever

  • Continued Fever - the temperature remains above normal for long period of time.

  • Intermittent Fever - type of fever wherein body temperature periodically rises and falls.

  • Relapsing Fever - type that recurs sometimes a number of times, several days after the temperature has returned to normal.


Stages of Fever:

  • In the first stage of fever also known as the invasion period the patient will experience chill, loss of appetite, and headache. Chill occurs, occurs because of the tightening of blood vessels near the skin.

  • In the next stage, the body is hot and flushed, the skin dry, and the pulse and respiration are rapid. The patient will experience thirst and he/she will feel restless. In high fever, delirium and convulsions may occur.

  • In the final stage before returning to normal, the temperature falls, breathing and pulse slow down, and the skin becomes moist. The patient often sweats.


Other than fever, other factors that can affect the body temperature are:

  • Time of the day - body temperature normally fluctuates over the day, with the lowest levels at 4a.m and the highest at 6 p.m. That's why a normal body temperature of 37.5°C (99.5°F) is considered a fever in the morning, but just normal body temperature in the afternoon.

  • Menstrual cycle is another factor that can affect body temperature. When the woman is ovulating her body temperature is higher that when she is not ovulating.

  • Psychological factors - when a person is experiencing tension, his/her body temperature rises.

  • Body temperature also rises even after few hours after a heavy workout (muscle are working to burn fats) and after eating.


Fever is not a disease in itself -- it's an important part of the healing process.


A study published in the February 2004 Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology found that children who ran a fever during their first year were less likely to develop allergies later in childhood than children who did not have fever.

More importantly, according to the AAP, a fever can help your child's body fight off infection. Many illness-causing microbes do best at the body's normal temperature. A fever raises the temperature beyond which certain microbes need to reproduce. A fever also kicks your immune system into high gear, spurring the rapid production of bug-clobbering white blood cells. A small but growing body of research shows that letting a fever run its course may reduce the length and severity of such illnesses as colds and flu.

As for the concern among parents that fevers can have harmful effects, these instances are very rare. The brain has an internal regulatory mechanism that prevents fevers caused by infections from getting higher than 105 or 106 degrees. Body temperature must get above 108 degrees to cause damage. Temperatures this high are caused only by exceptional circumstances, such as central nervous system disorders or heatstroke.


Additional Facts About Fevers

  • Fevers need to be treated only if they are causing discomfort (and usually a fever has to be above 102 or 103 degrees before making a child uncomfortable).

  • Treating a fever usually doesn't bring the body temperature back to normal -- just down 2 or 3 degrees.

  • Only 4 percent of children have fever seizures -- marked by a momentary loss of consciousness, eyes rolling back, shaking, twitching, or stiffening -- and when seizures do occur they cause no permanent harm.

  • How your child looks is more important than the exact reading on the thermometer.


The body has several ways to maintain normal body temperature. The organs involved in helping with temperature regulation include the brain, skin, muscle, and blood vessels. The body responds to changes in temperature by:

  • increasing or decreasing sweat production.

  • moving blood away from, or closer to, the surface of the skin.

  • getting rid of, or holding on to, water in the body.

  • naturally wanting to seek a cooler or warmer environment.

When you have a fever, the body works the same way to control the temperature, but it resets its thermostat at a higher temperature. The temperature increases for a number of reasons:

  • Chemicals, called cytokines and mediators, are produced in the body in response to an invasion from a microorganism, malignancy, or other intruder.

  • The body is making more macrophages, which are cells that go to combat when intruders are present in the body. These cells actually "eat-up" the invading organism.

  • The body is busily trying to produce natural antibodies, which fight infection. These antibodies will recognize the infection next time it tries to invade.

  • Many bacteria are enclosed in an overcoat-like membrane. When this membrane is disrupted or broken, the contents that escape can be toxic to the body and stimulate the brain to raise the temperature.


How did fever come to be seen as so dangerous a condition that we put our child's well being at risk in order to suppress the temperature?


Let's first consider the functions of fever and how it works. The two functions of fever are:

  1. To stimulate the immune system.

  2. To create an inhospitable environment for invading organisms. That is, to turn up the heat high enough that the invading microbes cannot live.


The Benefits of Fever

  • More antibodies -- cells trained to specifically attack the exact type of invader that your body is presently suffering from -- produced more specific to that bug than any pharmaceutical.

  • More white blood cells (the good guys) produced, circulating, mobilizing and armed to fight off the invading bugs specific to the general category of invader.

  • More interferon produced (another immune system good guy, which blocks spread of viruses to healthy cells).

  • Walling off of iron, which bacteria feed on.

  • Increased temperature, which directly kills microbes. (Most bacteria and viruses actually grow better at temperatures lower than the human body, which is why they like our cool noses in the winter.) Parents, it's not your kids begging for fever-reducing drugs; it's the germs.


Treating Fever the Naturopathic Way

Naturopathic treatment is to support a fever, unless it rises too high or too quickly. A fever of 102 degrees F to 103 degrees F is considered the optimal defense against microbes. Temperatures like these also heal the body most effectively. Supporting a fever means to work with it. For example, one effect of fever is to slow down peristalsis, which is movement of food through the gut.

To support a fever, naturopathic physicians recommend either fasting or eating foods such as broths and water till the fever breaks. Fever is also best supported with rest. Even when the child appears sleepy on the outside, the body is working quite hard to carry out all the functions described above.

Exercise and activity both distract body energy from these vitally important immune system processes. Naturopaths look at acute disease as the body's attempt to cure. Therefore, it is best to support the body's defenses; not suppress them by exercising or working at these times.

Naturopathic physicians compare the fear of fever symptoms to the fear of your car's engine light. To suppress a fever is like asking your mechanic to disconnect the engine light, rather than asking him or her to identify and fix the problem that caused the light to come on in the first place. Parents should ask themselves how they can approach their children's symptoms as logically as they approach their cars: do we really want to suppress our warning signals?

In the case of fever, the warning signal is much more of an aid to conquering illness, rather than as a source of damage in itself.

Also, there's a concern that breaking the fever is the wrong move in some circumstances. That's how the body fights off viruses, the telomeres don't function above 101 degrees, and the immune system clears the infection. By improperly reducing his fever too much, you can potentially allow the virus to propagate to deadly levels. Even high levels can be a problem, as the body will deposit the viral remains into the lungs, causing pneumonia.

That's why aspirin is typically counterindicated, because it's so effective in fighting fever that it can be deadly to an ill person. A fair number of people link the 1918 Flu to the newly prolific use of aspirin teas and similar medications. That's why it was so deadly, because folks were drinking aspiring teas as a preventative measure, so when they did get an infection, by the time they noticed the symptoms, they were packed to the gills with the virus.



How the immune system works:

http://health.howstuffworks.com/immune-system1.htm


HPA advice on anti-pyretics contradicts NICE guidelines

http://www.bmj.com/cgi/content/extract/339/jul28_3/b3050

Julius Wagner-Jauregg won the Nobel prize in 1927 for developing an effective treatment for syphilis which entailed deliberately infecting patients with malaria. This research suggests that fever may be a beneficial response to infection. The 2007 guideline from the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) on feverish illness in children under 5 reviewed the sparse evidence on using antipyretic medicines, which seems to indicate that artificially lowering a fever may reduce the immune response and prolong illness. NICE therefore recommended, "Do not routinely give antipyretic drugs to a child with fever with the sole aim of reducing body temperature."1

A small trial on the use of antipyretics in an intensive care unit was stopped because mortality was 16% in the treated group and 1% in the untreated group.2

The existing evidence suggests that antipyretics should be avoided in patients with pandemic flu,3 yet the Health Protection Agency (HPA) . . . [Full text of this article]


Same goes for NSAIDS

http://www.bmj.com/cgi/content/extract/338/jun15_1/b2345

The potentially harmful effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are rarely discussed in the treatment of A/H1N1 flu, which has caused high death rates in Mexico.1 2

Severe and fatal cases, including sudden death, are characterised by severe sepsis with multi-organ failure with findings such as fever, leucocytosis, leucopenia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), liver impairment, renal failure, rhabdomyolysis, and hypotension.2 NSAIDs may aggravate these syndromes, leading to multi-organ failure.3

Since the flu pandemics of the 20th century salicylates have been linked to Reye’s syndrome and their use restricted in children. But NSAIDs such as diclofenac, mefenamic acid, and ibuprofen are still used as antipyretics in many countries, albeit less often than aspirin. Since the use of diclofenac and mefenamic acid was restricted in children in Japan in 2000, the case fatality of so called flu associated encephalopathy has fallen dramatically.4

Reanalysing the World Health Organization’s data on A/H1N1 flu,2 I . . . [Full text of this article]


Also this from the British Medical Journal

ttp://www.bmj.com/cgi/eletters/338/jun15_1/b2345#216974

In 2000, Plaisance et al proved that the use of paracetamol increased viral shedding and significantly prolonged the duration of influenza. (1)

In 1992, (2)Shalabi et al, showed that acetaminophen seriously inhibits polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and scavenges available HOCl... paralysing the MPT-H2)2-Cl- antimicrobial system of PMNs and inhibited superoxide anion generation as well as degranulation of PMNs. Given, as Shalabi says, that PMN's play a crucial role in fighting bacterial, viral and parasitic infections, why is paracetamol used during infectious fevers?

Four years later, Shalabi et al again pointed out that the higher the temperature, the more severely acetaminophen inhibited bacterial activity of PMNs. (3)

The medical literature since 1975 is replete with articles showing that reducing fever during many different infections increases both complications and mortality.

Even WHO admits this. (4)

So why does every single country recommend paracetamol (acetaminophen) for routine treatment of any influenza, or indeed, any infection at all?

Meanwhile back in the UK in 2004 (5), Eccles et al state that: "Despite the lack of clinical data on the safety and efficacy of analgesics for the treatment of colds and flu symptoms a case can be made that these medicines are safe and effective for treatment of these common illnesses."

Perhaps the question should also be asked as to why any deaths, potentially augmented, or even caused by the use of antipyretics inhibitting parts of the immune system... are then used to justify the roll-out of a vaccine?


Another one from same page

Dear Sir,

The silence following previous queries, is resounding.

Yet, we continue to read stories like this, daily, from all around the world:

"The Ministry of Health says expectant mums who get symptoms should stay home and limit contact with others especially if they are ill, drink plenty of fluids, call their GP or healthline for advice and treat fever straight away with paracetamol." (1)

so it's natural to then read:

"... the mother-of-two Alma Palmer had been sent home from hospital with paracetamol, a day before collapsing and being airlifted to the mainland.

"I am angry with the hospital," her grandfather Roderick Geesu was quoted as saying. "She went to the hospital and instead of giving her a thorough check-up they gave her a packet of Panadol (paracetamol)." (2)

No doubt the experts will say that OF COURSE all deaths had been taking paracetamol. Standard protocol. "So of course paracetamol has NOTHING to do with the deaths."

Right????

Like Dr Johnson says, when will large scale randomised trials begin?

Why is it, that standard advice flies in the face of both medical literature, principles of immunology, and common sense?

Where is the evidence based science to justify such routine pronouncements? And "coincidental" dismissals?


When Medical Attention is Warranted

  • Infants less than 1-month-old, with a temperature greater than 100.4 degrees F. Seek care right away for fever in this age group. While waiting for care, breastfeed as often as the baby desires. The mother's milk has antibodies made right at the breast as it encounters pathogens in the baby's mouth.

  • Infants from 1-month to 3-months-old, with a temperature greater than 100.4 degrees F, if they appear ill. Again, breastfeed on demand while waiting for care.

  • Children between 3 months and 36 months, with a temperature above 102.2 degrees F, if they appear ill.

  • Anyone with a temperature over 104.5 degrees F.

  • For children not in the above three categories, bed rest and fluids will support the fever and allow it to do the job that your child needs it to do.


Story Time :)


MURDER IN THE MEDICINE CABINET

The Deadliest Killer of the 20th Century, With More Deaths Than All the World Wars, Lurks Right Inside Your House, and Threatens to Take You and Your Family. The Story No One Told You.


In 1918, a virulent, never seen before, form of influenza seemed to suddenly appear. It seemed to kill within hours,


and spread around the world within days. It seemed to appear simultaneously all around the world. Its spread was faster than any then known means of human travel.

In 2004, the Centers for Disease Control and the World Health Organization warned of repeats of such a rapid and deadly pandemic, through such variants of influenza as SARS and Bird Flu. But without knowing what caused the 1918 pandemic or how it spread, how can the CDC or WHO make such a claim? Unless they already know something they are not telling.

As yet no one has been able to identify the actual medical cause of the 1918 Flu, with only a few samples of a "bird-like" virus taken from only several cadaver tissue samples. But no sample is complete. And those are only one or two samples from among the estimated 20 to 40 million people who seemed to die mysteriously almost overnight. The 1918 Flu spread faster and was more deadly, killing more people than even the Plague and Black Death of the middle ages. Why does no one talk about it?

And even if the viral cause were identified, no one can explain the lightning fast spread of the disease. Maybe it wasn't a disease after all. Many researchers have even looked at some world-wide phenomena, such as extra-terrestrial biology filtering into the atmosphere from outer space. Or maybe, the jet stream spreading disease-laden dust from Asia all around the world in a matter of days. In an area of investigation where there seems to be no real facts and less logic, any "fringe theory" or "outre logic" is just as valid as any other. Maybe something about the 1918 Flu is being covered up. Something that we are not supposed to know.

Actually, there is another rather simple mundane solution to the medical mystery. There did exist in 1918 a then new technical invention by which the "disease" was spread almost at the speed of light. The "1918 Flu" was spread around the world almost instantaneously by telephone. Of course, that claim needs an explanation, and proof.

In the 1890's an American chemist made an improvement on an old home folk remedy called Willow or Aspen Tea. It seemed to relieve the pains of old-age gout, arthritis and other assorted pains. But the evil tasting tea containing acetylsalicylic acid was so strong that it caused many people to have nausea and vomiting, along with the pain relief if they could tolerate drinking the tea. This potion was later neutralized, synthesized and buffered, and then sold to the German Bayer company as a pain reliever.

I have researched the source and history of the name Aspirin and found no reasonable explanation has ever been found. I have found, instead, that the German Bayer company, in order to sell to both the American and European markets, used a name familiar in both markets. In America the common folk remedy form was called "Aspen Tea" made from boiling willow bark from the Aspen tree family. In Europe, the same home remedy was called "Spirain Tea" made from boiling the leaves of the common European shrub Spirae.

Both preparations were found to contain large amounts of natural acetylsalicylic acid, but unbuffered. Combining the common home-remedy folklore names Aspen and Spirain comes up with the Euro-American brand name Aspirin. My research is the sole source for the information about that unique derivation of the brand name.

The reason for the deep confusion and lack of any clear history about the trade name is that for almost a decade from 1905 to about 1915, the use of the trade name, and the source of the name Aspirin, was tied up in international courts. In the late 1890's when Aspirin became available as an easy to use "pop a pill" replacement to the sour tasting Aspen or Spirain Teas, many people used it to relieve the pain of joint arthritis. Many users also discovered, quite by accident, a unique side effect. If you had a fever when you took the Aspirin, it also made the fever suddenly go away. What a discovery! It appeared to be a cure for the the common cold and flu.

By 1905 many other drug companies were making acetylsalicylic acid preparations and calling it Aspirin, but they were selling it as a common cold remedy. Bayer took these other companies to court and sued over illegal use of their trademark. Many people believe that Bayer lost the decision and lost control of the name Aspirin. Most believe that Aspirin is now a generic name such as Kleenex, Scotch Tape or Xerox. Not so. It was an odd court decision and a confusing compromise. By 1915 it was decided in court that Bayer had the exclusive use of the tradename Aspirin, if it were sold as a pain-relieving analgesic.

The court also found that the other companies could also use the name Aspirin, if in their ads and packaging, they claimed that their product was an anti-febril agent or a fever reducer. This odd court decision is still in use today. You can still buy Bayer aspirin to relieve pain, and on the store shelf right next to it is Nyquil, Aleve, Tylenol, Motrin, Bufferin, Anacin and a whole long list of others, all containing aspirin or aspirin-like compounds and claiming to be treatments for Colds, Flu and Fever. Reducing fever was not in Bayer's original patent claim. Bayer didn't know in 1895 of the use of aspirin as a fever reducer and had not put that in their original trademark application.

And how does that strange court decision fit into the rapid spread of the 1918 Flu? The primary defense which the human body has, to stop the spread of viral infections is to produce a fever. The fever is not a symptom of disease, but is actually the body's primary anti-viral immune system. The fever stops the telomeres on the ends of viral RNA from making copies of itself.

The telomeres are like a zipper which unzips and separates the new RNA copy within miliseconds, but the telomeres are temperature sensitive and won't unzip at temperatures above 101F. Thus the high temperature of the fever, stops the flu virus from dividing and spreading. It is an immune system response which only mammals have developed to prevent the spread of viral flu infections, which mostly 99% come from the more ancient dinosaur-like earth life forms called birds. Almost all influenza is a form of "Avian Flu." A few influenza forms come from other dinosaur-like life forms, the modern reptiles, but these are usually classified as very rare tropical diseases, since that is where most reptiles live.

The doctors in the early 1900's didn't know about that, and even today few if any doctors are aware that fever is not a symptom of disease, but is the primary and only way for the human body to stop viral infections. If you stop or reduce the fever, viruses are allowed to divide and spread uncontrolled throughout the body. I have already described this process in detail in my articles posted in the Brother Jonathan Gazette in 2003, so I won't go into detail here. Do a search on "SARS" on the Gazette and you'll find the articles.

Normally the progress of a flu is that a virus enters the mucous membrane lining of the lungs, enters cells, then makes many copies of itself, which causes the cell to expand to such an degree that it bursts open. The new viruses then cloak themselves with a coating taken from the old damaged cell wall, thus hiding themselves from the human body's own T-cell antibody immune defense system. To the body's immune system the new viruses simply appear to be pieces of the body's own lung tissue.

By creating a fever, the viral infection is slowed down sufficiently so that the body's T cells can find the swollen infected lung cells, surround them and metabolize (literally eat) the damaged cell with strong acids which also breaks down the RNA viruses into basic amino acids. This effectively "kills" the viruses so that they can't reproduce. But viruses are not living things, and you can't kill something that's not alive. All the body can do is destroy or dissolve the RNA amino acid chain which makes up the virus.

Not knowing this, most doctors treat the flu with aspirin or fever reducers, as a palliative treatment to ease the aches, pains, and delerium fever effects. The result is that within hours, the fever goes down and the patient feels much better. What neither the patient nor the doctor knows is that with only a normal 98.6F body temperature, the viruses are allowed to reproduce unchecked. Within 72 hours, the viruses have grown from one or two virus bodies to millions or billions. The body is now completely overwhelmed. But while taking aspirin or cold medications, there are no symptoms or warnings of what is yet to come.

As a last resort the body tries to quickly flush the infection of billions of viruses from the lungs with massive amounts of T-cells, and fluid in the lungs to "cough out" the virus. This is called viral pneumonia. Soon within hours the patient is in the hospital. The doctors try to treat the now 105 degree fever with more anti-febril aspirins, or related medications to "treat the fever." Then within another 24 hours the patient, suffocating and gasping for breath, is dead.

You should note that the original infection did cause a mild fever, aches and pains, which the patient "self-medicated" with over-the-counter products. For the next several days, the patient seemed to have no symptoms, but was actually growing billions of copies of influenza virus in his lungs. Then days later, the patient and doctor seem to see a sudden rapid case of viral flu infection that is now overwhelming the body. Is that what really happened?

What caused the patient's death? Was it the original flu virus, or was it the use of Aspirin to lower the flu fever which then shutdown the patient's own immune system response? Obviously, the latter. So how did this cause the massive rapid spread of the 1918 Flu?

The Bayer court case had just been settled, and many companies other than Bayer, could now legally market aspirin to treat colds and fever. But then "The Great War to End all War" was on, and most aspirin products were going directly to the front lines in France to treat the soldiers in the diseased hell hole trenches of WWI.

The World War I medics knew that aspirin could quickly reduce a fever. If a soldier had a fever, the docs gave aspirin. Magically the fever went down, the soldier felt better and quickly went back to the fighting. Then three days later, the same soldier was back, now with severe pneumonia and died almost overnight.

No doctors then made the connection between aspirin and pneumonia death, since the trenches were filled with many other seemingly related diseases such as diphtheria or tuberculosis. Death and dying on the front line was common, so no investigation was done. Aspirin seemed to be a god-send since it allowed sick soldiers to swiftly get right back into the fighting.

After the Armistice of November 11, 1918 the fighting stopped and the soldiers went home. The soldiers around the world announced the good news to their families back home. Most of the low-ranked doughboys had to wait till they got back to their homebase in Kansas, or wherever, to call home. They couldn't afford the costly trans-Atlantic deep sea cable phone rates. But when the troop arrived in Kansas, the call from sergeant Tom was something like:

"Hey mom, I'm coming home. I'll see yu and dad next Tuesday in Chattanooga. How's everybody? Oh, Aunt Esther has a fever? Hey tell her to take some aspirin. Yeah, that stuff in the medicine cabinet for treatin' the aches and pains. Tell Esther, we used it in France. Works right away and the fever is gone. OK see yu Tuesday...."

So what does Esther do? She tries the aspirin, but the old Bayer label only says its for "aches and pains" and says nothing about fevers. She takes it and magically the fever is gone, and she feels much better, almost cured. She's so much better, she gets out the horse and buggy to go see her sister, Lucy in Mt Carmel, where Lucy and the kids are down with the fever. Mt. Carmel has no telephones and even no roads, only the buggy path to reach the outside world. But within hours of sergeant Tom's phone call home, by word of mouth, everybody in rural Mt. Carmel is now taking aspirin to treat fevers. Since the new information came from a soldier, from the US Army and the government, it must be true!

Within a week of the 1918 Armistice, by newfangled telephone, trans-oceanic telephone cables, and even the experimental ship-to-shore shortwave radios using Morse code, the message was flashed around the world -- "Have a fever? Take Aspirin. It worked in France, it'll work for you." That message spread at nearly the speed of light over millions of telephone lines all around the world. The news of the "miracle cure" even spread by word of mouth within a day or so, even to places with no phones nor roads.

Mysteriously, a week later, doctors round the world now had hundreds of sick and dying patients. Nobody could figure out why. The patients themselves never reported that just the week before they did have a mild fever. But it was so mild that when they took some aspirin, it simply went away. Nobody made the connection. The doctors only saw, by November 24, 1918 thousands of very sick patients with high fevers, lungs filled with fluid, and swift overnight death.

The medical profession had never seen anything like it before, nor since. It seemed to occur simultaneously all around the world and even reaching into such out of the way places like Mt. Carmel with no telephones nor roads. How could such a massive fast-spreading killer disease exist? It didn't. It wasn't a disease. It was a new use for an old home folk remedy which everybody already had in their medicine cabinet, Bayer Aspirin to reduce fever.

The medical profession, at a complete loss to explain it, simply called it the "Spanish Flu" or the "1918 Flu" or many similar names. It was a mystery with no known source, so it was assigned many place names. So far, nobody has been able to prove any single pathogen was responsible. And even if they did, they still can't explain how it seemed to spread world-wide at almost the speed of light, clear around the world within a week.

To this day there is no explanation. But, now you know. The "disease" was not a single pathogen, but many of the hundreds of similar types of flu which are always existing at any time around the world. What was different in November 1918 was the many hundreds of thousands of almost simultaneous phone calls from the millions of returning sergeant Toms saying, "...tell Aunt Esther to take the aspirin. It worked in France. It'll work for her..." Nobody traced the spread of the 1918 Flu to sergeant Tom. Nobody made the connection.

That very same source of disease still exists today. What is different today is that cold and flu products are sold and used all year long. This results in an estimated one million deaths from mysterious viral pneumonia reported every year, but also all around the year. In 1918, the new use of aspirin for treating colds and flu all started at the same time in November, thus creating the false impression of a sudden massive onset of a new disease. Even today SARS is not a disease. It is the improper use of a brand new high-tech flu fighter called Tamiflu. The FDA approved the use of Tamiflu several years ago. In 2003 it began to be used world-wide. But how is it used?

Many millions of people around the world still self-treat their own colds and flu with over-the-counter meds containing aspirin. Those are the most commonly sold medications in the world. The patient's mild fever quickly goes away. They forget about ever having felt sick. Then several days later the patient sees the doctor and now has a high fever, bad cough and fluid-filled lungs. The doctor, using the new CDC and WHO guidelines, treats the hospitalized "flu" patient with the new high-tech Tamiflu. But how often and at what dosage?

The doctors do what they've always done for the past 100 years. Tell the nurse to stick a thermometer in the patient's mouth, increase the Tamiflu dosage by 10cc's every hour until the fever starts to drop. Then maintain that dosage level until the patient dies. Then blame the death on some new highly contagious lethal virus. Nothing new here. It's the same old story, since 1918.

The only thing different is that they give it a new name like SARS, or Bird Flu or whatever sounds nifty and high-tech. Even today, each year about one million people world-wide die from the very same "disease" which first appeared in the fall of 1918. Has medicine, in the last 100 years, turned this "contagion" from Pandemic by Phone, into Illness by Internet? Is it the rapid and continuous spread of misinformation that is still killing millions?

Marshall Smith
Editor, BroJon Gazette

http://www.brojon.org/frontpage/murdermedicine1.html

I dont doubt that asprin contributed to a lot of the deaths but i dont think all of them - surely a lot of the poor wouldnt have been able to afford it?